In general, grazing cattle will have adequate Ca in forages, especially legumes such as alfalfa. In addition to their role in bone development, Ca is also important in muscle function and P plays key roles in metabolic functions throughout the body. These are the main mineral constituents in bone. Calcium and PhosphorusĬalcium and P are two minerals that work hand in hand. Some of these minerals work together, while others work independently. These are calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl) and potassium (K). There are seven macro minerals that need to be analyzed and balanced within a cow’s diet. This article will focus on macro minerals. The macro minerals are required as a percent of the diet dry matter, while micro minerals or trace minerals are required in ppm (parts per million). Minerals are divided into two groups based on the quantity of the mineral required by the cow: macro minerals and micro minerals (trace minerals). There is value in analyzing your mineral program to determine if modifications need to be made to improve cattle health and performance. Without appropriate balance of minerals, cows may not perform as desired or could exhibit detrimental effects. Mineral nutrition is vital to overall cow performance. Other trace minerals known to be essential in tiny amounts include nickel, silicon, vanadium, and cobalt.Originally written by Adele Harty, former SDSU Extension Cow/Calf Field Specialist. Legumes, breads and grains, leafy greens, leafy green vegetables, milk, liver. Widespread in foods, especially plant foods. Seafood, foods grown in iodine-rich soil, iodized salt, bread, dairy products. Involved in formation of bones and teeth helps prevent tooth decay.ĭrinking water (either fluoridated or naturally containing fluoride), fish, and most teas.įound in thyroid hormone, which helps regulate growth, development, and metabolism.
Legumes, nuts and seeds, whole grains, organ meats, drinking water. Part of many enzymes needed for iron metabolism. Liver, brewer's yeast, whole grains, nuts, cheeses. Works closely with insulin to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. Meats, fish, poultry, leavened whole grains, vegetables. Part of many enzymes needed for making protein and genetic material has a function in taste perception, wound healing, normal fetal development, production of sperm, normal growth and sexual maturation, immune system health. Organ meats, red meats, fish, poultry, shellfish (especially clams), egg yolks, legumes, dried fruits, dark leafy greens, iron-enriched breads and cereals, and fortified cereals. Part of a molecule (hemoglobin) found in red blood cells that carries oxygen in the body needed for energy metabolism. Occurs in foods as part of protein: meats, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, legumes, nuts. Meats, milk, fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes. Important for healthy bones and teeth found in every cell part of the system that maintains acid-base balance. Nuts and seeds, legumes, leafy green vegetables, seafood, chocolate, artichokes, "hard" drinking water. Table salt, soy sauce large amounts in processed foods small amounts in milk, meats, breads, and vegetables.įound in bones needed for making protein, muscle contraction, nerve transmission, immune system health. Needed for proper fluid balance, stomach acid. Milk and milk products canned fish with bones (salmon, sardines) fortified tofu and fortified soy milk greens (broccoli, mustard greens) legumes. Important for healthy bones and teeth helps muscles relax and contract important for nerve functioning, blood clotting, blood pressure. Table salt, soy sauce large amounts in processed foods small amounts in milk, breads, vegetables, and unprocessed meats. Needed for proper fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.
Trace minerals are needed in smaller amounts than major minerals. Essential minerals are sometimes divided into major minerals (macrominerals) and trace minerals (microminerals).
Some minerals are essential to your health.
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